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What the Norfolk Case Gets Wrong About ALPRs

Independent Institute · Pegah K. Parsi · March 13, 2026

Legal analysis critiquing the Schmidt v. City of Norfolk ruling that upheld 176 Flock cameras as constitutional. Argues the court misapplied Carpenter v. United States by treating analysis rather than collection as the constitutional trigger. Warns that if the reasoning stands, governments will be free to collect and analyze large-scale location data without warrants.

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